——2015 年 3 月 5 日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第三次会议上 Delivered at the Third Session of the 12th National People's Congress on March 5, 2015
国务院总理李克强 Li Keqiang Premier of the State Council
各位代表： Fellow Deputies,
现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。 On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval, and I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).
I. A Review of the Work in 2014
过去一年，我国发展面临的国际国内环境复杂严峻。全球经济复苏艰难曲折，主要经济体走势分化。国内经济下行压力持续加大，多重困难和挑战相互交织。在以习近平同志为总书记的党中央坚强领导下，全国各族人民万众一心，克难攻坚，完成了全年经济社会发展主要目标任务，全面深化改革实现良好开局，全面推进依法治国开启新征程，全面建成小康社会又迈出坚实步伐。 Over the past year, the international and domestic environments faced by China in its development have been complicated and challenging. The road to global economic recovery has been rough, with many ups and downs, and the performance of the major economies has been divergent Downward pressure on China's economy has continued to mount, and we have faced an array of interwoven difficulties and challenges. However, under the firm leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, all our people have worked together as one, surmounted difficulties, and accomplished the year's main targets for economic and social development, thereby ensuring that we got off to a good start in comprehensively deepening reform, embarked on a new journey to fully advance the law-based governance of China, and again made solid progress in our endeavor to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.
一年来，我国经济社会发展总体平稳，稳中有进。“稳”的主要标志是，经济运行处于合理区间。 During the past year, China has, overall, achieved a stable performance while at the same time securing progress in its economic and social development. The main indication of this stable performance is that the economy operated within an appropriate range.
增速稳，国内生产总值达到 63. 6 万亿元，比上年增长 7.4%，在世界主要经济体中名列前茅。■ The growth rate was steady China's GDP reached 63.6 trillion yuan, an increase of 7.4% over the previous year, making China one of the fastest-growing major economies in the world.就业稳，城镇新增就业1322 万人，高于上年。■ Employment remained robust, with 13.22 million new urban jobs created, which is higher than the figure for the previous year.价格稳，居民消费价格上涨 2%。■ Prices were stable, with the CPI rising by 2%. “进”的总体特征是，发展的协调性和可持续性增强。■ The underlying feature demonstrating progress is that our development is becoming better coordinated and more sustainable.经济结构有新的优化，粮食产量达到1. 21 万亿斤，消费对经济增长的贡献率上升3 个百分点，达到51. 2%，服务业增加值比重由 46.9%提高到 48.2% ，新产业、新业态、新商业模式不断涌现。中西部地区经济增速快于东部地区。■ The economic structure was upgraded. Grain output reached 605 million metric tons; the contribution of consumption toward economic growth rose by three percentage points to 51.2%; the value added of the service sector increased from 46.9% to 48.2% of the GDP; and there was a constant stream of new industries, new types of business, and new business models. The central and western regions grew faster in economic terms than the eastern region.发展质量有新的提升，一般公共预算收入增长 8.6%，研究与试验发展经费支出与国内生产总值之比超过 2%，能耗强度下降 4.8%，是近年来最大降幅。■ The quality of development was raised. Revenue in the general public budgets grew by 8.6%. Research and development spending accounted for more than 2% of the GDP. Energy intensity was cut by 4.8%, the biggest reduction made in recent years.人民生活有新的改善，全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长 8%，快于经济增长；农村居民人均可支配收入实际增长 9.2%，快于城镇居民收入增长；农村贫困人口减少 1232万人；6600 多万农村人口饮水安全问题得到解决;出境旅游超过 1 亿人次。■ People's lives were improved. Per capita disposable personal income increased by 8% in real terms nationwide, growing faster than the economy, and the per capita disposable income of rural residents grew by 9.2%), outpacing that of those living in urban areas. In rural areas, the number of people living in poverty was reduced by 12.32 million, and over 66 million more people gained access to safe drinking water. The number of outbound trips made by Chinese tourists exceeded 100 million.改革开放有新的突破，全面深化改革系列重点任务启动实施，本届政府减少 1/3 行政审批事项的目标提前实现。■ New breakthroughs were made in reform and opening up. A series of key tasks for comprehensively deepening reform were launched, and the goal of the current administration to cut the number of items that require government review by one third was achieved ahead of schedule.
这份成绩单的确来之不易，它凝聚着全国各族人民的心血和汗水，坚定了我们奋勇前行的决心和信心。 These achievements have not come easily. They have been made possible by the painstaking efforts and hard work of all our people, and they have strengthened our resolve and confidence to keep pushing ahead.
过去一年，困难和挑战比预想的大。我们迎难而上，主要做了以下工作。 Over the past year, we have faced more difficulties and challenges than anticipated. We have risen to the challenge and accomplished the following in our work.
一是在区间调控基础上实施定向调控，保持经济稳定增长。面对经济下行压力加大态势，我们保持战略定力，稳定宏观经济政策，没有采取短期强刺激措施，而是继续创新宏观调控思路和方式，实行定向调控，激活力、补短板、强实体。把握经济运行合理区间的上下限，抓住发展中的突出矛盾和结构性问题，定向施策，聚焦靶心，精准发力。向促改革要动力，向调结构要助力，向惠民生要潜力，既扩大市场需求，又增加有效供给，努力做到结构调优而不失速。 First, on the basis of range-based macro regulation, m exercised targeted regulation to keep the economy growing steadily. In the face of mounting downward economic pressure, we maintained strategic focus and kept our macroeconomic policy unchanged. Instead of using short-term stimulus measures, we continued to develop new ideas and methods for macro regulation. We exercised targeted regulation, stimulated market activity, shored up our weak spots, and boosted the real economy. With a keen understanding of the appropriate range within which the economy needs to be operating, we adopted targeted steps to address the serious issues and structural problems hindering development. We promoted reform to gain impetus for development, made structural adjustments to produce support for development, and improved living standards to increase the potential for development. We both expanded market demand and increased effective supply, working to ensure that structural adjustments were made without compromising the growth rate.
有效实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策。实行定向减税和普遍性降费，拓宽小微企业税收优惠政策范围，扩大"营改增"试点。加快财政支出进度，积极盘活存量资金。灵活运用货币政策工具，采取定向降准、定向再贷款、非对称降息等措施，加大对经济社会发展薄弱环节的支持力度，小微企业、"三农"贷款增速比各项贷款平均增速分别高 4.2 和 O. 7 个百分点。同时，完善金融监管，坚决守住不发生区域性系统性风险的底线。 We have been effectively implementing proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy. We increased targeted tax reductions, reduced fees across the board, extended the coverage of tax relief policies to benefit more small and micro businesses, and expanded the trials to replace business tax with VAT to cover more industries. We sped up the process of making budgetary funds available for fiscal expenditures and put surplus budgetary funds to good use. By flexibly utilizing monetary policy instruments, making targeted cuts to required reserve ratios, carrying out targeted re-lending, and making asymmetric interest rate cuts, we stepped up support for weaker areas in economic and social development. Increases in loans made to small and micro businesses, and loans for agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, outdid the average increase in loans overall by 4.2 and 0.7 percentage points respectively. At the same time, regulation of the financial sector was improved and regional and systemic risks were forestalled.
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